home

civilization, the stage of human social development and organization that is considered most advanced

code, a systematic collection of laws or regulations

focus, an act of concentrating interest or activity on something

patriarchal, of, relating to, or characteristic of a system of society or government controlled by men

pharaoh, a ruler in ancient Egypt.

Judaism,the jewish faith

monotheistic,believing in one god

covenant, an agreement

prophet,a person regarded as an inspired teacher or proclaimer of the will of god

caste system, A **caste** is a combined social system of [|occupation], [|endogamy] , [|culture] ,[|social class] and [|political power].

network, a group or system of interconnected people or things

Hinduism,the hindu religion

Buddhism,the Buddhist religion

core, the central or most important part of something

Confucianism,the following of the teachings of Confucius.



1 an eye for an eye. 2 when a ruler is worshipped as a god. 3 it consists of monotheism 4 social stratification and social restriction 5 they were considered representatives of heaven, if people weren't happy.

Unit 2

8. goal- the object of a person's ambition or effort 9. adult- a person who is fully grown or developed
 * 1) polis- an ancient Greek city-state
 * 2) tyrant- a sovereign or other ruler who uses power oppressively or unjustly
 * 3) democracy- a state having such a form of government
 * 4) oligarchy- a state or organization so ruled
 * 5) direct democracy- a form of democracy in which the people as a whole make direct decisions, rather than have those decisions made for them by elected representatives
 * 6) philosophy- <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; line-height: 16px;">the rational investigation of the truths and principles of being, knowledge, or conduct
 * 7) <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Socratic method- t<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; line-height: 16px;">he use of questions, as employed by Socrates, to develop a latent idea, as in the mind of a pupil, or to elicit admissions, as from an opponent, tending to establish a proposition

<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; line-height: 16px;">Socrates, Plato, Aristotle

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">albert vela <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">9/15/10 <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">per 4

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">The battle of Marathon

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">1. the shore <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">2.Attack now <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">3.Flanks <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">4. charge <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">5. Marsh <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">6. double back <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">7. set the ships on fire <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">8. phidippides <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">9. pose as soldiers

#1 Citizens with full legal and political rights, Citizens without formal political rights, but full legal rights, Citizens of other poleis who chose to reside elsewhere, had full legal rights but no political rights in their place of residence. #2 <span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: small;">a method of teaching by question and answer; used by Socrates to elicit truths from his students
 * 1) 3 "we do not say that a man who takes no interest in politics minds his own business; we say he has no business here at all"

Unit 3


 * 1) <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">## republic- <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; line-height: 16px;">a state in which the supreme power rests in the body of citizens entitled to vote and is exercised by representatives chosen directly or indirectly by them
 * 2) <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">patrician- <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; line-height: 16px;">a person of noble or high rank; aristocrat
 * 3) <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">plebeian- <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; line-height: 16px;">belonging or pertaining to the common people
 * 4) <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Senate- <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; line-height: 16px;">an assembly or council of citizens having the highest deliberative functions in a government, esp. a legislative assembly of a state or nation
 * 5) <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Christianity- <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; line-height: 16px;">the Christian religion, including the Catholic, Protestant, and Eastern Orthodox churches
 * 6) <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Catholic Church- <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; line-height: 16px;">a visible society of baptized Christians professing the same faith under the authority of the invisible head (Christ) and the authority of the visible head (the pope and the bishops in communion with him).

Unit 4

Islam- the religion of the Muslims, a monotheistic faith regarded as revealed through Muhammad as the Prophet of Allah. grant- agree to give or allow feudalism- the dominant social system in medieval Europe common law- the part of English law that is derived from custom and judicial precedent rather than statutes. Magna Carta- a charter of liberty and political rights obtained from King John ofEngland confer- grant or bestow parliament- the highest legislature, consisting of the sovereign, theHouse of Lords, and the House of Commons

Muhammad- Arab prophet and founder of Islam. In //c.// 610, in Mecca. Charlemagne- king of the Franks 768–814 and Holy Roman Emperor Middle Ages- the period of European history from the fall of the Roman Empire inthe West Edward I- son of Henry III; reigned 1272–1307; known as **the Hammer of the Scots**. Renaissance- the revival of art and literature under the influence of classical models in the 14th–16th centuries. Leonardo da Vinci- Italian painter, scientist, and engineer. Protestant Reformation- The **Protestant Reformation**, also called the **Protestant Revolt**, was the European <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;">[|Christian] [|reform movement] Martin Luther- German theologian; the principal figure of the German Reformation.

Only 1 god which is allah. Largest religion, Religious practices the Five pillars of Islam, monotheistic. the <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; padding-right: 10px;">[|Hajj] is the annual pilgrimage to mecca
 * 1) 1 - of the main characteristics of Islam.

Diagram - Spread of Islam, Renaissance, <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; padding-right: 10px;">[|the reformation], Parliament, Feudalism

Common Religion
 * 1) 2 - How did Islam help to unite the regions of the Middle East?

Feudalism
 * 1) 3 - What system replaced centralized power in Europe in the Middle Ages?

Gave people a common sense of rule to follow
 * 1) 4 - What was the benefit of instituting the common law?

monasteries spread, kingdoms grew, Gothic churches were built, and the universities flourished
 * 1) 5 - What were some of the developments of the High Middle Ages?

It divided Europe into two religious worlds
 * 1) 6 - What was the effect of the Reformation on religious life in Europe?


 * Glorious Revolution**

unit 1 divine right of kings- the doctrine that kings derive their authority from God attribute- regard something as being caused by someone or something restraint- a measure or condition that keeps someone or something under control or within limits common-wealth- a term meaning a political community consensus- general agreement natural rights- rights whichwere not contingent upon the laws, customs, or beliefs of a particular society or polity hypothetical- of, based on, or serving as a hypothesis mutual- of a feeling or action experienced or done by each of two or more parties toward the other or others
 * Define**

Identify


 * Elizabeth I- ** daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn; queen of England and Ireland 1558–1603.
 * Puritans- ** a significant grouping of English protestants in the 16th and 17th centuries.
 * Charles I- **
 * Oliver Cromwell- ** English general and statesman; lord protector of the Commonwealth 1653–58.
 * Charles II- **
 * James II- **
 * William of Orange- ** Prince of Orange, founder of the House Orange-Nassau and the Netherlands as a state
 * John Locke- ** English philosopher; a founder of empiricism and political liberalism


 * 1) <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">List the three great political events of the late 17th century:glorious revolution, french revolution, american revolution
 * 2) <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">What principle did the Glorious Revolution introduce?: the king must bow to the representative body in a nation
 * 3) <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">What could happen to an individual who questioned a monarch? : they could be put to death
 * 4) <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">What quote is attributed to King Louis XIV? What do you think he meant by saying it? : "I am the state." saying that all that he represents, the country represents.

Who ruled England from 1485 to 1603?: the tudors, including king Henry the eighth and queen Elizabeth the first Describe the "Act of Supremacy.": a declaration stating that "the king was the only supreme head on earth of the church of england" Why did Elizabeth have to work so hard on religious conflicts?: because her sister mary pissed off a lot of religious people by changing the religion again. List 5 issues that the puritans had and wanted corrected in the Anglican church?: wanted to be independent from the government, elect their own ministers, issues with the prayer book, What was a major conflict between parliament and James I?: james wanted to do whatever he wanted, parliament didn't like that What event started the 11 year tyranny? What were the Years of the tyranny?: 1629-1649

When did the English Revolution begin?: 1642 The english revolution was between what two groups? (list who each group supported): supporters of the king and supporters of parliament. What was the reaction of Europe when Charles I was executed?: it divided families and horrified much of europe What was the "rump Parliament?": parliament members who executed the king What was the "Exclusion Bill" and why was it passed? What were the results?: The **Exclusion Bill** Crisis ran from <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;">[|1678] through <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;">[|1681] in the reign of<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;">[|Charles II of England]. The Exclusion Bill sought to exclude the king's brother and heir presumptive, <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;">[|James, Duke of York], from the throne of<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;">[|England] because he was <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;">[|Roman Catholic].

<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">When did parlament offer the throne to William and Mary? What was the condition?: january of 1689 that he had to swear that his kids would be Protestant and accept the english bill of rights <span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"> What was the Toleration Act of 1689 and what did it do? (you may need to go to wikipedia): granted puritans the right to public worship, not catholics <span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"> Who was John Locke and what did he write in his Two Treatises of Government?: criticized absolutism, supported the glorious revolution, described how government was formed and what justifies it. <span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"> Summarize Locke's Natural Rights/Social Contract theory. (Use wikipedia): his belief that before government, all people had a sense of equality, and that giving people mutual obligations between the government and those people would make the contractees better than non-contractees. <span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"> Which revolutions used Locke's ideas?: the american and french revolutions